Treatments

What is an Inguinal Hernia?

An inguinal hernia can develop in the area between the trunk and thigh and can be on the right or left side, but it can also appear bilaterally. Inguinal hernias occurs when an intra-abdominal viscera, most commonly intra-abdominal fat but it can also be bowel, protrudes through a weak point of the lower abdominal wall. This projection can cause discomfort and pain, especially when the person coughs or bends down to lift a heavy object. On some occasions it can be asymptomatic for a long time.

What is an Umbilical Hernia?

Umbilical hernia is a form of a hernia, which occurs in the area of the navel or around it (paraumbilical hernia). It is the result of a disturbance of the normal anatomy of the navel, while the characteristic umbilical indentation usually disappears on large umbilical hernias. In the place of the recess, there is now a “lump”, which in most cases subsides when the patient is in a supine position.

In which people does an umbilical hernia occur more often?

Umbilical hernia is found equally in both sexes. It has been observed that it occurs more often in women, especially after pregnancy, but also in newborns. However, in infants it usually resolves spontaneously during the first year of life.

What is an Incisional Hernia?

An incisional hernia is a hernia in the abdominal walls that occurs at the site where an incision was made due to surgery in the past.

How common is an incisional abdominal hernia?

Incisional abdominal hernia is an extremely common condition. The rate rises to 10-20% after abdominal surgeries, while the gender-based frequency is 1:1.

Hernia after previous laparoscopic surgery

Postoperative hernia may also occur at the site of a previous incision for laparoscopic surgery, although its extent is small. The incidence of this type of hernia (Port-site Incisional Hernia, PIH) ranges from 1-6%.

What is a Hiatal Hernia?

Hiatal hernia is a hernia of a different form than usual, as it occurs inside the abdomen, usually as a projection of the stomach into the chest, through the diaphragm. It is a common condition as it affects 10% of the population over 40 years old, while it reaches 50% in people over 70 years old.

The main forms of the condition are sliding and paraesophageal hiatal hernia, depending on the part and form of slippage of the stomach.

What is an Epigastric Hernia?

Epigastric hernia (white line hernia) is a form of hernia that develops in the epigastrium, in the abdomen area, between the navel and sternum. It occurs three times more often in men compared to women. It is an uncommon form of hernia, as it occurs in about 2-3% of the total population, usually at the age of 30 to 40 years.

How does an epigastric hernia develop?

An epigastric hernia is the “lump” located at the top of the abdominal wall, the epigastrium. The appearance of the “bulge” is the result of projection of an intra-abdominal organ through the white line. The white line is in the middle of the abdomen and is created by the fusion of the root canals of the two rectus abdominis muscles. For this reason, epigastric hernia extends from the sternum to the navel.

What is a Femoral Hernia?

Femoral hernia is a form of hernia that occurs in the upper thigh or lower groin. It is observed at a higher frequency in women (70%) due to anatomical variation compared to men (larger pelvic diameter). In the majority of cases, femoral hernia is discovered due to exceptionally severe symptoms, as its size usually does not exceed 1 cm, making it difficult to recognize, especially in overweight people.

Anatomical location of femoral hernia

Femoral hernia occurs anatomically as a lump in the groin or thigh. It projects into the femoral ring, a small channel located under the inguinal ligament. The femoral canal hosts the femoral artery, vein and nerve. The swelling created by the femoral hernia is located just below the inguinal ligament, and although it differs from the inguinal hernia, often these two forms of hernia are confused due to their anatomical proximity.

Haemorrhoids

The word haemorrhoids is widely used to describe the condition called hemorrhoidal disease. In fact, haemorrhoids are present to all people, as they are a complex of vessels normally located in the lower part of the large intestine, just before the anus. Due to various factors, these vessels can get widen, that is, swell and cause certain unpleasant symptoms.

It is estimated that by the age of 50, about 50% of the population has experienced one or more of the symptoms of the condition. Although it is a harmless condition, haemorrhoids are extremely unpleasant for the sufferer. Fortunately, today we have quite a wide variety of treatment options to treat it and permanently restore the problem.

Pilonidal Sinus

The pilonidal sinus is a chronic inflammation in the dermal area between the buttocks and more specifically in the intergluteal fold. It is a very common condition that affects the day life of patients due to unpleasant symptoms.

Who can be affected?

A pilonidal sinus occurs more often in male patients and especially in those who have intense hair growth or are obese. Research suggests that men develop the condition at a frequency of 2.2 to 4 times more often than women. There is a higher incidence of the disease at the ages of 16-20 years, while after 35 years the chances of developing the condition are radically reduced. People with a sedentary lifestyle or office work are also frequent patients.

Biliary Diseases

Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts (“biliary diseases”) are among the most common surgical diseases, with frequent occurrence at young ages. By understanding the function of the bile and the problems that may arise when it is disturbed, you can understand the need for immediate treatment by the specialist surgeon, when necessary.

What is the Bile?

Bile is a liquid that helps digest food and is produced in the liver. Through very thin tubes (biliary system), bile is collected and stored in the gallbladder, a pear-like organ located on the lower surface of the liver.

After each meal, especially when it contains enough fat, the gallbladder contracts and distributes, through a tube to which it is connected and is called the bile duct, the bile in the small intestine to mix with the fluid produced by the pancreas and create the “juice” necessary for the digestion of food.